Evolution: Difference between revisions
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See '''[[Materials and Methods]]''' | See '''[[Materials and Methods]]''' | ||
The following query protein sequence of N-acetylneuraminic Acid was obtained from GenBank: | The following query protein sequence of N-acetylneuraminic Acid was obtained from GenBank: | ||
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{| border="1" cellpadding="15" cellspacing="0" | {| border="1" cellpadding="15" cellspacing="0" | ||
|+''' | |+'''arylsulfatase K'''|} | ||
|} | |||
'''Fig. 1:''' '''Amino Acid Sequence (260 aa)''' of N-acetylneuraminic Acid (2gfh) protein from ''Mus musculus'' (House Mouse) | '''Fig. 1:''' '''Amino Acid Sequence (260 aa)''' of N-acetylneuraminic Acid (2gfh) protein from ''Mus musculus'' (House Mouse) | ||
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The bacteria sequence matches used for multiple sequence analysis and phylogenetic tree mapping were representative of the other baterial sequences not selected. These selected sequences had the highest bit scores and E-values. | The bacteria sequence matches used for multiple sequence analysis and phylogenetic tree mapping were representative of the other baterial sequences not selected. These selected sequences had the highest bit scores and E-values. | ||
=='''Multiple Sequence Alignments (msa)'''== | =='''Multiple Sequence Alignments (msa)'''== | ||
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'''The topmost sequence belongs to the query protein'''. | '''The topmost sequence belongs to the query protein'''. | ||
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From these short conservation regions, the functions or even structure of the encoded proteins could have significance in its evolutionary pattern. | From these short conservation regions, the functions or even structure of the encoded proteins could have significance in its evolutionary pattern. | ||
=='''Phylogenetic Map (Tree)'''== | =='''Phylogenetic Map (Tree)'''== | ||
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'''Fig. 3: Phylogenetic tree''' showing organisms with related protein sequence homology in Radial Tree view (top); and Rectangular Cladogram view (bottom) | '''Fig. 3: Phylogenetic tree''' showing organisms with related protein sequence homology in Radial Tree view (top); and Rectangular Cladogram view (bottom) | ||
[[Image:untitled.png|Strapboot Tree]] | |||
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In the Eucaryotic part of the tree, the protein could first be observed in [http://www.tolweb.org/Bilateria/2459 '''Deuterostomia'''] phylum. From there, it was branched off to both [http://www.tolweb.org/Deuterostomia/2466 '''Chordata''' and '''Echinodermata'''] phyla. | |||
''[http://images.google.com.au/imgres?imgurl=http://www.goldenstateimages.com/sql_images/thumbs/SUR-009c.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.goldenstateimages.com/GSI_search.php%3Fsrch%3Dpurple%2520sea%2520urchin%26op%3Dex&h=153&w=230&sz=30&tbnid=oLd2P1ry-oZ1_M:&tbnh=72&tbnw=108&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dstrongylocentrotus%2Bpurpuratus%26um%3D1&start=3&sa=X&oi=images&ct=image&cd=3 Strongylocentrotus purpuratus]'' (Purple Sea Urchin), forms part of the '''Echinodermata''' phylum. | |||
The phylum '''Chordata''' would then be further branched into ''[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:African_Clawed_Frog_bw.jpg Xenopus laevis]'' (African Clawed Frog) in '''Amphibia'''; in ''[http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/resources/david_blank/gallus3.jpg/view.html Gallus gallus]'' (Red Junglefowl) in '''Aves'''; and ''[http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/resources/susan_hoffman/mus1_small.jpg/view.html Mus musculus]'' (House Mouse) in '''Mammalia''' classes, respectively. | |||
The '''Arthropoda''' phylum, branched off from '''Deuterostomia''', would be further branched into '''Hexapoda''' class, consisting winged insects ''[http://www.ento.csiro.au/aicn/name_s/b_4116.htm Tribolium castaneum]'' (Rust-red Flour Beetle), ''[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Aedes_aegypti_biting_human.jpg Aedes aegypti]'' (''Aedes'' mosquito) and ''[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Drosophila_melanogaster_-_side_%28aka%29.jpg Drosophila melanogaster]'' (Fruit Fly). | |||
Hence, it can be generally deduced that the N-acetylneuraminic acid (hydrolase) protein is non-evolutionary specific, as it is observed to be present in almost all main | For the Procaryotic domain, branching mainly occurs between '''Gram-positive''' (''Bacillus'' Sp.) and '''Gram-negative''' (''Vibrio'' Sp.) bacteria. | ||
Hence, it can be generally deduced that the N-acetylneuraminic acid (hydrolase) protein is non-evolutionary specific, as it is observed to be present in almost all main phyla and classes of organisms from the two main Procaryotic and Eucaryotic Domains. Its functional significance would therefore be a general one. | |||
=='''Bootstrapping'''== | =='''Bootstrapping'''== | ||
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Proceed to '''[http://compbio.chemistry.uq.edu.au/mediawiki/index.php/Function Function]''' | |||
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[http:// | Back to '''[http://compbio.chemistry.uq.edu.au/mediawiki/index.php/N-acetylneuraminic_acid_phosphatase Home Page]''' |
Latest revision as of 05:49, 21 May 2008
Sequence Homology
The following query protein sequence of N-acetylneuraminic Acid was obtained from GenBank: