LOC56985 conclusion

The results obtained here show that LOC56985, though structurally similar to purple-acid phosphatases (figure 3), shows no sequence similarity to them (figure 1). the characteristic sequence motifs associated with PAPs indicate that LOC56985 shares some homology with them, however the conserved region (GNHE/D) appears common across all phosphoresterases. Vertical gene transmission appears to be the major form of evolution through α-proteobacteria and green sulfur bacteria, orthologs are limited to the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, red algae, green algae, mosses, higher plants (tracheophytes), and vertebrates; with the exception of T. cruzi which may be a candidate for lateral gene transmission.

The molecular function of LOC56985 is still a mystery however a recent, yet to be published, manuscript provides experimental evidence that the rat ortholog, A9Y0H8 functions as a Mn2+ dependant ADP-ribose/ CDP-alcohol pyrophosphatase (ADPRibase-Mn), an intracellular regulator of ion channel activity (Canales et al. 2008). High-throughput gene expression data showed that LOC56985 and its orthologs are predominantly expressed in immune tissues in mammals. The restriction of LOC56985 orthologs to vertebrates among animals further supports the probability of an immune specific role. ADPRibase-Mn, and hence orthologs in other vertebrates, may have a signalling role in immune cells where ADP-Ribose acts as a second messenger of stress. ADP-Ribose is an activator of transient receptor potential melastatin channel-2 (TRPM2), which participates in Ca2+ mediated cell death. Immune cells are a major site of TRPM2 expression, intracellular concentrations of ADP-Ribose increases in response to oxidative or nitrosative stress and trigger opening of TRPM2.

Abstract | Introduction | Results | Discussion | Conclusion | Method | References

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